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Inversin/Nephrocystin-2 Is Required for Fibroblast Polarity and Directional Cell Migration

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Lorraine Eley, Professor Judith Goodship

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Abstract

Inversin is a ciliary protein that critically regulates developmental processes and tissue homeostasis in vertebrates, partly through the degradation of Dishevelled (Dvl) proteins to coordinate Wnt signaling in planar cell polarity (PCP). Here, we investigated the role of Inversin in coordinating cell migration, which highly depends on polarity processes at the single-cell level, including the spatial and temporal organization of the cytoskeleton as well as expression and cellular localization of proteins in leading edge formation of migrating cells. Using cultures of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from inv(-/-) and inv(+/+) animals, we confirmed that both inv(-/-) and inv(+/+) MEFs form primary cilia, and that Inversin localizes to the primary cilium in inv(+/+) MEFs. In wound healing assays, inv(-/-) MEFs were severely compromised in their migratory ability and exhibited cytoskeletal rearrangements, including distorted lamellipodia formation and cilia orientation. Transcriptome analysis revealed dysregulation of Wnt signaling and of pathways regulating actin organization and focal adhesions in inv(-/-) MEFs as compared to inv(+/+) MEFs. Further, Dvl-1 and Dvl-3 localized to MEF primary cilia, and beta-catenin/Wnt signaling was elevated in inv(-/-) MEFs, which moreover showed reduced ciliary localization of Dvl-3. Finally, inv(-/-) MEFs displayed dramatically altered activity and localization of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 GTPases, and aberrant expression and targeting of the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 and ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins to the edge of cells facing the wound. Phosphorylation of beta-catenin at the ciliary base and formation of well-defined lamellipodia with localization and activation of ERM to the leading edge of migrating cells were restored in inv(-/-) MEFs expressing Inv-GFP. Collectively, our findings point to the significance of Inversin in controlling cell migration processes, at least in part through transcriptional regulation of genes involved in Wnt signaling and pathways that control cytoskeletal organization and ion transport.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Veland IR, Montjean R, Eley L, Pedersen LB, Schwab A, Goodship J, Kristiansen K, Pedersen SF, Saunier S, Christensen ST

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: PLoS ONE

Year: 2013

Volume: 8

Issue: 4

Online publication date: 08/04/2013

Acceptance date: 22/02/2013

Date deposited: 20/11/2014

ISSN (electronic): 1932-6203

Publisher: Public Library of Science

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060193

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060193


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale
University of Copenhagen
10-085373Danish National Research Foundation
09-070398Danish National Research Foundation
29477Novo Nordisk Foundation
31077Lundbeck Foundation
30707Nordforsk
32989Lundbeck Foundation
34199Novo Nordisk Foundation
DEQ20071210558Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale ('Equipe FRM')
R09087KSAgence Nationale de la Recherche
R2-A273-09-S2Danish Cancer Society

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