Toggle Main Menu Toggle Search

Open Access padlockePrints

Expanding the Spectrum of Founder Mutations Causing Isolated Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Deficiency

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Ravikumar Balasubramanian, Dr Richard Quinton

Downloads

Full text for this publication is not currently held within this repository. Alternative links are provided below where available.


Abstract

Context: Loss of function (LoF) mutations in more than 20 genes are now known to cause isolated GnRH deficiency (IGD) in humans. Most causal IGD mutations are typically private, ie, limited to a single individual/pedigree. However, somewhat paradoxically, four IGD genes (GNRH1, TAC3, PROKR2, and GNRHR) have been shown to harbor LoF founder mutations that are shared by multiple unrelated individuals. It is not known whether similar founder mutations occur in other IGD genes.Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether shared deleterious mutations in IGD-associated genes represent founder alleles.Setting: This study was an international collaboration among academic medical centers.Methods: IGD patients with shared mutations, defined as those documented in three or more unrelated probands in 14 IGD-associated genes, were identified from various academic institutions, the Human Gene Mutation Database, and literature reports by other international investigators. Haplotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and short tandem repeats surrounding the mutations were constructed to assess genetic ancestry.Results: A total of eight founder mutations in five genes, GNRHR (Q106R, R262Q, R139H), TACR3 (W275X), PROKR2 (R85H), FGFR1 (R250Q, G687R), and HS6ST1 (R382W) were identified. Most founder alleles were present at low frequency in the general population. The estimated age of these mutant alleles ranged from 1925 to 5600 years and corresponded to the time of rapid human population expansion.Conclusions: We have expanded the spectrum of founder alleles associated with IGD to a total of eight founder mutations. In contrast to the approximately 9000-year-old PROKR2 founder allele that may confer a heterozygote advantage, the rest of the founder alleles are relatively more recent in origin, in keeping with the timing of recent human population expansion and any selective heterozygote advantage of these alleles requires further evaluation.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Choi JH, Balasubramanian R, Lee PH, Shaw ND, Hall JE, Plummer L, Buck CL, Kottler ML, Jarzabek K, Wolczynski S, Quinton R, Latronico AC, Dode C, Ogata T, Kim HG, Layman LC, Gusella JF, Crowley WF

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Year: 2015

Volume: 100

Issue: 10

Pages: E1378-E1385

Print publication date: 01/10/2015

Online publication date: 24/07/2015

Acceptance date: 21/07/2015

ISSN (print): 0021-972X

ISSN (electronic): 1945-7197

Publisher: The Endocrine Society

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2262

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2262


Altmetrics

Altmetrics provided by Altmetric


Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
HD33004Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health Grants
K23 HDHD077043K23 Career Development award from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
R01 HD15788Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health Grants
U54 HD028138Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health Grants

Share