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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Julia Critchley
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Has the recent US decline in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality increased life expectancy? The authors estimated the number of life-years gained from CHD treatments and changes in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors for the US population between 1980 and 2000. The previously validated IMPACT model was used to integrate data on numbers of CHD patients, treatment uptake, treatment effectiveness, population risk factor trends, and median survival among US adults. There were 308,900 fewer CHD deaths in 2000 among Americans aged 25-84 years than if 1980 mortality rates had applied. These 308,900 fewer deaths represented approximately 3,147,800 life-years gained (sensitivity analysis range, 2,448,900-3,744,900). Treatments for patients accounted for approximately 1,092,400 (751,700-1,387,000) life-years gained, whereas changes in the prevalence of population risk factors accounted for a gain of 2,055,500 (1,697,200-2,346,300) life-years. However, the 2,770,500 life-years gained through decreased levels of smoking, cholesterol, blood pressure, and physical inactivity were diminished by a loss of 715,000 life-years attributable to increased rates of obesity and diabetes. Therefore, modest reductions in the prevalence of several major cardiovascular disease risk factors accounted for more than twice as many life-years gained as did treatments. Unfortunately, these gains were partially offset by substantial increases in obesity and diabetes.
Author(s): Capewell S, Hayes DK, Ford ES, Critchley JA, Croft JB, Greenlund KJ, Labarthe DR
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: American Journal of Epidemiology
Year: 2009
Volume: 170
Issue: 2
Pages: 229-236
ISSN (print): 0002-9262
ISSN (electronic): 1476-6256
Publisher: Oxford University Press
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwp150
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwp150
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