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Meta-analysis of individual patient data to assess the risk of hypoglycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes using NPH insulin or insulin glargine

Lookup NU author(s): Emeritus Professor Philip Home

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Abstract

Materials and methods: Randomized controlled trials with accessible IPD and including white European people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using glargine or NPH once-daily (with oral glucose-lowering drugs) were identified. Two study pools were analysed: evening glargine versus evening NPH (pool 1); and morning glargine versus evening NPH (pool 2). The number-needed-to-treat to avoid hypoglycaemia was calculated for glargine versus NPH. Results: In study pool 1 (n = 2711), the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia was approximately halved with glargine compared with NPH [odds ratios (OR): 0.44-0.52, p < 0.001-0.047]. This led to a significant reduction in anytime risk of symptomatic hypoglycaemia [plasma glucose (PG) < 3.9 mmol/l, OR: 0.64, p = 0.018; PG < 2.0 mmol/l, OR: 0.51, p < 0.001]. In study pool 2 (n = 470), although a strong numerical reduction in all types of nocturnal hypoglycaemia was observed (OR: 0.16-0.64), statistical significance was reached only for symptomatic hypoglycaemia with PG < 3.9 mmol/l (p < 0.001). Eight (pool 1) or five (pool 2) people with T2DM needed to use glargine rather than NPH to avoid one person from experiencing a nocturnal symptomatic hypoglycaemic event within a median of about 25 weeks of starting insulin. Conclusions: This meta-analysis of open-label studies provides confidence that reductions of around 50% of risk for nocturnal hypoglycaemia can be achieved with using glargine instead of NPH.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Home PD, Fritsche A, Schinzel S, Massi-Benedetti M

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism

Year: 2010

Volume: 12

Issue: 9

Pages: 772-779

Print publication date: 01/09/2010

ISSN (print): 1462-8902

ISSN (electronic): 1463-1326

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01232.x

DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01232.x

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