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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Bloss Stephan, Dr Mario Siervo, Professor Fiona MatthewsORCiD, Professor Carol Brayne
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Whether mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has a distinct neuropathological profile that reflects an intermediate state between no cognitive impairment and dementia is not clear. Identifying which biological events occur at the earliest stage of progressive disease and which are secondary to the neuropathological process is important for understating pathological pathways and for targeted disease prevention. Many studies have now reported on the neurobiology of this intermediate stage. In this systematic review, we synthesize current evidence on the neuropathological profile of MCI. A total of 162 studies were identified with varied definition of MCI, settings ranging from population to specialist clinics and a wide range of objectives. From these studies, it is clear that MCI is neuropathologically complex and cannot be understood within a single framework. Pathological changes identified include plaque and tangle formation, vascular pathologies, neurochemical deficits, cellular injury, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial changes, changes in genomic activity, synaptic dysfunction, disturbed protein metabolism and disrupted metabolic homeostasis. Determining which factors primarily drive neurodegeneration and dementia and which are secondary features of disease progression still requires further research. Standardization of the definition of MCI and reporting of pathology would greatly assist in building an integrated picture of the clinical and neuropathological profile of MCI.
Author(s): Stephan BC, Hunter S, Harris D, Llewellyn DJ, Siervo M, Matthews FE, Brayne C
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Molecular Psychiatry
Year: 2012
Volume: 17
Issue: 11
Pages: 1056-1076
Print publication date: 01/11/2012
Online publication date: 06/12/2011
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mp.2011.147
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.147
PubMed id: 22143004
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