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Lookup NU author(s): Professor John-Paul TaylorORCiD
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Visual Hallucinations (VH) are a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's Disease (PD) and the Lewy body dementias (LBD) of Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). The origin of VH in PD and LBD is debated: earlier studies considered a number of different possible mechanisms underlying VH including visual disorders, Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Intrusions, dysfunctions of top down or bottom up visual pathways, and neurotransmitter imbalance. More recently newer hypotheses introduce, among the possible mechanisms of VH, the role of attention networks (ventral and dorsal) and of the Default Mode Network (DMN) a network that is inhibited during attentional tasks and becomes active during rest and self referential imagery. Persistent DMN activity during active tasks with dysfunctional imbalance of dorsal and ventral attentional networks represents a new hypothesis on the mechanism of VH. We review the different methods used to classify VH and discuss reports supporting or challenging the different hypothetical mechanisms of VH
Author(s): Onofrj M, Taylor JP, Monaco D, Franciotti R, Anzellotti F, Bonanni L, Onofrj V, Thomas A
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Behavioural Neurology
Year: 2013
Volume: 27
Issue: 4
Pages: 479-493
Print publication date: 01/12/2012
ISSN (print): 0953-4180
ISSN (electronic): 1875-8584
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BEN-129022
DOI: 10.3233/BEN-129022
PubMed id: 23242366
