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The Ellsworth Subglacial Highlands: inception and retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Neil RossORCiD

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Abstract

Antarctic subglacial highlands are where the Antarctic ice sheets first developed and the “pinning points” where retreat phases of the marine-based sectors of the ice sheet are impeded. Due to low ice velocities and limited present-day change in the ice-sheet interior, West Antarctic subglacial highlands have been overlooked for detailed study. These regions have considerable potential, however, for establishing the locations from which the West Antarctic Ice Sheet originated and grew, and its likely response to warming climates. Here, we characterize the subglacial morphology of the Ellsworth subglacial highlands, West Antarctica, from ground-based and aerogeophysical radio-echo sounding (RES) surveys and the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) mosaic of Antarctica. We document well-preserved classic landforms associated with restricted, dynamic, marine-proximal alpine glaciation, with hanging tributary valleys feeding a significant overdeepened trough (the Ellsworth Trough) cut by valley (tidewater) glaciers. Fjord-mouth threshold bars down-ice of two overdeepenings define both the northwest and southeast termini of paleo-outlet glaciers, which cut and occupied the Ellsworth Trough. Satellite imagery reveals numerous other glaciated valleys, terminating at the edge of deep former marine basins (e.g., Bentley subglacial trench), throughout the Ellsworth subglacial highlands. These geomorphic data can be used to reconstruct the glaciology of the ice masses that formed the proto”West Antarctic Ice Sheet. The landscape predates the present ice sheet and was formed by a small dynamic ice field(s), similar to those of the present-day Antarctic Peninsula, at times when the marine sections of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet were absent. The Ellsworth subglacial highlands represent a major seeding center of the paleo”West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and its margins represent the pinning point at which future retreat of the marine-based West Antarctic Ice Sheet would be arrested.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Ross N, Jordan TA, Bingham RG, Corr HFJ, Ferraccioli F, Le Brocq A, Rippin DM, Wright AP, Siegert MJ

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Geological Society of America Bulletin

Year: 2014

Volume: 126

Issue: 1-2

Pages: 3-15

Print publication date: 19/09/2013

ISSN (print): 0016-7606

ISSN (electronic): 1943-2674

Publisher: Geological Society of America

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B30794.1

DOI: 10.1130/B30794.1


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
NE/D008638/1UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Antarctic Funding Initiative (AFI) grants
NE/G013071/1UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Antarctic Funding Initiative (AFI) grants

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