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Mechanisms of platelet-stimulated colon cancer invasion: role of clusterin and thrombospondin 1 in regulation of the P38MAPK-MMP-9 pathway

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Achim Treumann

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Abstract

Platelets have been implicated in colon cancer metastasis and prognosis but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated the role of the different mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in platelet-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) generation and colon cancer invasion. In addition, proteins released during platelet-tumour cell interactions were studied. For this purpose, interactions of Caco-2 and HT29 cells with platelets were studied using scanning electron microscopy, aggregometry, flow cytometry and cell invasion chambers. Quantitative PCR and zymography were used to study MMP-9 gene expression and activity, respectively, whereas western blot was used to study p38MAPK. Finally, the origin of proteins during platelet-cancer cell interactions was investigated using stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomics. We found that platelets promoted p38MAPK phosphorylation and MMP-9 up-regulation in both cell lines, with the subsequent cell-invasion-promoting effects. Pharmacological inhibition of p38MAPK led to a significant down-regulation of MMP-9 and colon cancer cell invasiveness. Also, p38MAPK-small interfering RNA abolished the induction of platelet-stimulated MMP-9. SILAC experiments demonstrated that thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) was released mainly from platelets and clusterin by both platelets and cancer cells. Finally, inhibition of TSP1 and clusterin abolished p38MAPK phosphorylation, MMP-9 activity and platelet-stimulated colon cancer invasion. Our results indicate that platelet-secreted TSP1 and clusterin promote the signal regulation of MMP-9 in platelet-induced colonic cancer invasion via a P38MAPK-regulated pathway. These findings are relevant to the development of therapeutic approaches to preventing and reducing tumour cell metastasis induced by colon adenocarcinoma.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Radziwon-Balicka A, Santos-Martinez MJ, Corbalan JJ, O'Sullivan S, Treumann A, Gilmer JF, Radomski MW, Medina C

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Carcinogenesis

Year: 2014

Volume: 35

Issue: 2

Pages: 324-332

Print publication date: 01/10/2013

ISSN (print): 0143-3334

ISSN (electronic): 1460-2180

Publisher: Oxford University Press

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgt332

DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt332

PubMed id: 24085798

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