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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Steven LisgoORCiD, Lynne Overman
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The human neocortex has numerous specialized functional areas whose formation is poorly understood. Here, we describe a 15-base pair deletion mutation in a regulatory element of GPR56 that selectively disrupts human cortex surrounding the Sylvian fissure bilaterally including "Broca's area," the primary language area, by disrupting regional GPR56 expression and blocking RFX transcription factor binding. GPR56 encodes a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor required for normal cortical development and is expressed in cortical progenitor cells. GPR56 expression levels regulate progenitor proliferation. GPR56 splice forms are highly variable between mice and humans, and the regulatory element of gyrencephalic mammals directs restricted lateral cortical expression. Our data reveal a mechanism by which control of GPR56 expression pattern by multiple alternative promoters can influence stem cell proliferation, gyral patterning, and, potentially, neocortex evolution.
Author(s): Bae BI, Tietjen I, Atabay KD, Evrony GD, Johnson MB, Asare E, Wang PP, Murayama AY, Im K, Lisgo SN, Overman L, Sestan N, Chang BS, Barkovich AJ, Grant PE, Topcu M, Politsky J, Okano H, Piao XH, Walsh CA
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Science
Year: 2014
Volume: 343
Issue: 6172
Pages: 764-768
Print publication date: 14/02/2014
Acceptance date: 17/12/2013
ISSN (print): 0036-8075
ISSN (electronic): 1095-9203
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1244392
DOI: 10.1126/science.1244392
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