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Increased parental history of bipolar disorder in the United States: association with early age of onset

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Heinz Grunze

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Abstract

ObjectiveEarly-onset bipolar (BP) disorder and other poor prognosis characteristics are more prevalent in patients from the United States than from the Netherlands and Germany (abbreviated as Europe). We explored the impact of parental loading for affective illness on onset and other characteristics of BP disorder.MethodParental history for unipolar (UP) and bipolar (BP) depression and course of illness characteristics were obtained from self-report in adults (average age 42) with BP disorder. Illness characteristics were examined by chi(2) and multinomial logistic regression in relationship to the degree of parental loading: i) both parents negative; ii) one UP disorder; iii) one with BP disorder; and iv) both affected.ResultsAfter controlling for many poor prognosis factors, compared with those from Europe, patients from the United States had more iii) one parent with BP disorder and iv) both parents affected. An early age of onset of BP disorder was independently associated with this increased parental loading for affective disorder.ConclusionParental history of BP disorder and both parents with a mood disorder were more common in the United States than Europe and were associated with an early onset of bipolar disorder and other poor prognosis characteristics. These findings deserve replication and exploration of the potential mechanisms involved and their therapeutic implications.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Post RM, Leverich GS, Kupka R, Keck P, McElroy S, Altshuler L, Frye MA, Luckenbaugh DA, Rowe M, Grunze H, Suppes T, Nolen WA

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

Year: 2014

Volume: 129

Issue: 5

Pages: 375-382

Print publication date: 01/05/2014

Online publication date: 19/10/2013

Acceptance date: 13/09/2013

ISSN (print): 0001-690X

ISSN (electronic): 1600-0447

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12208

DOI: 10.1111/acps.12208


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