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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Henrique De Paula LemosORCiD, Emeritus Professor Andrew MellorORCiD
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Tolerance to apoptotic cells is essential to prevent inflammatory pathology. Though innate responses are critical for immune suppression, our understanding of early innate immunity driven by apoptosis is lacking. Herein we report apoptotic cells induce expression of the chemokine CCL22 in splenic metallophillic macrophages, which is critical for tolerance. Systemic challenge with apoptotic cells induced rapid production of CCL22 in CD169(+) (metallophillic) macrophages, resulting in accumulation and activation of FoxP3(+) Tregs and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, an effect that could be inhibited by antagonizing CCL22-driven chemotaxis. This mechanism was essential for suppression after apoptotic cell challenge, because neutralizing CCL22 or its receptor, reducing Treg numbers, or blocking effector mechanisms abrogated splenic TGF-β and IL-10 induction; this promoted a shift to proinflammatory cytokines associated with a failure to suppress T cells. Similarly, CCR4 inhibition blocked long-term, apoptotic cell-induced tolerance to allografts. Finally, CCR4 inhibition resulted in a systemic breakdown of tolerance to self after apoptotic cell injection with rapid increases in anti-dsDNA IgG and immune complex deposition. Thus, the data demonstrate CCL22-dependent chemotaxis is a key early innate response required for apoptotic cell-induced suppression, implicating a previously unknown mechanism of macrophage-dependent coordination of early events leading to stable tolerance.
Author(s): Ravishankar B, Shinde R, Liu H, Chaudhary K, Bradley J, Lemos HP, Chandler P, Tanak M, Munn DH, Mellor AL, McGaha TL
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA
Year: 2014
Volume: 111
Issue: 11
Pages: 4215-4220
Print publication date: 18/03/2014
Acceptance date: 01/01/1900
ISSN (print): 0027-8424
ISSN (electronic): 1091-6490
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320924111
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1320924111
PubMed id: 24591636
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