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Olfaction in Parkin single and compound heterozygotes in a cohort of young onset Parkinson's disease patients

Lookup NU author(s): Professor David BurnORCiD

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Abstract

BackgroundParkin related Parkinson's disease (PD) is differentiated from idiopathic PD by absent or sparse Lewy bodies, and preserved olfaction. The significance of single Parkin mutations in the pathogenesis of PD is debated.ObjectivesTo assess olfaction results according to Parkin mutation status. To compare the prevalence of Parkin single heterozygous mutations in patients diagnosed with PD to the rate in healthy controls in order to establish whether these single mutations could be a risk factor for developing PD.MethodsParkin gene mutation testing was performed in young onset PD (diagnosed <50 years old) to identify three groups: Parkin homozygous or compound heterozygote mutation carriers, Parkin single heterozygote mutation carriers, and non-carriers of Parkin mutations. Olfaction was tested using the 40-item British version of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test (UPSIT).ResultsOf 344 young onset PD cases tested, 8 (2.3%) were Parkin compound heterozygotes and 13 (3.8%) were Parkin single heterozygotes. Olfaction results were available in 282 cases (eight compound heterozygotes, nine single heterozygotes, and 265 non-carriers). In Parkin compound heterozygotes, the median UPSIT score was 33, interquartile range (IQR) 28.5-36.5, which was significantly better than in single Parkin heterozygotes (median 19, IQR 18-28) and non-carriers (median score 22, IQR 16-28) (ANOVAP < 0.001). These differences persisted after adjusting for age, disease duration, gender, and smoking (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in UPSIT scores between single heterozygotes and non-carriers (P = 0.90).ConclusionsPatients with Parkin compound heterozygous mutations have relatively preserved olfaction compared to Parkin single heterozygotes and non-carriers. The prevalence of Parkin single heterozygosity is similar to the 3.7% rate reported in healthy controls.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Malek N, Swallow DMA, Grosset KA, Lawton MA, Smith CR, Bajaj NP, Barker RA, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bresner C, Burn DJ, Foltynie T, Morris HR, Williams N, Wood NW, Grosset DG, PRoBaND Investigators

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

Year: 2016

Volume: 134

Issue: 4

Pages: 271-276

Print publication date: 01/10/2016

Online publication date: 01/12/2015

Acceptance date: 29/10/2015

ISSN (print): 0001-6314

ISSN (electronic): 1600-0404

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ane.12538

DOI: 10.1111/ane.12538

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