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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Grainne Gorman, Professor Patrick Chinnery, Professor Bobby McFarlandORCiD, Emeritus Professor Doug Turnbull
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© 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.Mitochondrial diseases are a group of genetic disorders that are characterized by defects in oxidative phosphorylation and caused by mutations in genes in the nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that encode structural mitochondrial proteins or proteins involved in mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial diseases are the most common group of inherited metabolic disorders and are among the most common forms of inherited neurological disorders. One of the challenges of mitochondrial diseases is the marked clinical variation seen in patients, which can delay diagnosis. However, advances in next-generation sequencing techniques have substantially improved diagnosis, particularly in children. Establishing a genetic diagnosis allows patients with mitochondrial diseases to have reproductive options, but this is more challenging for women with pathogenetic mtDNA mutations that are strictly maternally inherited. Recent advances in in vitro fertilization techniques, including mitochondrial donation, will offer a better reproductive choice for these women in the future. The treatment of patients with mitochondrial diseases remains a challenge, but guidelines are available to manage the complications of disease. Moreover, an increasing number of therapeutic options are being considered, and with the development of large cohorts of patients and biomarkers, several clinical trials are in progress.
Author(s): Gorman GS, Chinnery PF, DiMauro S, Hirano M, Koga Y, McFarland R, Suomalainen A, Thorburn DR, Zeviani M, Turnbull DM
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers
Year: 2016
Volume: 2
Online publication date: 20/10/2016
Acceptance date: 02/04/2016
ISSN (print): 2056-676X
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
URL: http://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.80
DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.80
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