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Sirtuin-2 Protects Neural Cells from Oxidative Stress and Is Elevated in Neurodegeneration

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Preeti Singh, Dr Peter Hanson, Dr Christopher Morris

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

Sirtuins are highly conserved lysine deacetylases involved in ageing, energy production, and lifespan extension. The mammalian SIRT2 has been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) where studies suggest SIRT2 promotes neurodegeneration. We therefore evaluated the effects of SIRT2 manipulation in toxin treated SH-SY5Y cells and determined the expression and activity of SIRT2 in postmortem brain tissue from patients with PD. SH-SY5Y viability in response to oxidative stress induced by diquat or rotenone was measured following SIRT2 overexpression or inhibition of deacetylase activity, along with α-synuclein aggregation. SIRT2 in human tissues was evaluated using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and fluorometric activity assays. In SH-SY5Y cells, elevated SIRT2 protected cells from rotenone or diquat induced cell death and enzymatic inhibition of SIRT2 enhanced cell death. SIRT2 protection was mediated, in part, through elevated SOD2 expression. SIRT2 reduced the formation of α-synuclein aggregates but showed minimal colocalisation with α-synuclein. In postmortem PD brain tissue, SIRT2 activity was elevated compared to controls but also elevated in other neurodegenerative disorders. Results from both in vitro work and brain tissue suggest that SIRT2 is necessary for protection against oxidative stress and higher SIRT2 activity in PD brain may be a compensatory mechanism to combat neuronal stress.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Singh P, Hanson PS, Morris CM

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Parkinson's Disease

Year: 2017

Volume: 2017

Pages: 1-17

Print publication date: 28/05/2017

Online publication date: 28/05/2017

Acceptance date: 26/04/2017

Date deposited: 07/12/2017

ISSN (print): 2090-8083

ISSN (electronic): 2042-0080

Publisher: Hindawi

URL: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2643587

DOI: 10.1155/2017/2643587


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
G0400074

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