Nonneoplastic disorders of the ovary

Bulmer, JN

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2942-4_2

Nonneoplastic disorders of the ovary

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Abstract

© Springer-Verlag London 2014. All rights reserved. Histopathologists frequently receive oophorectomy specimens for a variety of reasons other than assessment of an ovarian neoplasm. Recognition of various incidental findings and nonneoplastic lesions in the ovary is therefore an important part of daily practice for histopathologists. Functional cysts can arise from follicular structures and lead to clinical symptoms, while stromal lesions can be associated with hormonal disturbances and secondary endometrial pathology. Ovarian inflammation can occur as part of pelvic inflammatory disease, in various viral and parasitic infections, as well as in noninfectious inflammatory conditions. Endometriosis is commonly encountered in the ovary, with variable features including formation of large endometriotic cysts. It is important to be aware and recognize a range of ovarian lesions that occur specifically in pregnancy to avoid unnecessary treatment. Ovarian torsion is a not uncommon gynecological emergency, and various miscellaneous lesions are frequently encountered during routine histopathological examination of the ovary. This chapter provides a summary of the main nonneoplastic conditions of the ovary that are likely to be encountered by histopathologists.