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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Mary Slatter, Professor Andrew GenneryORCiD
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© 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Purpose of review Since the advent of T-lymphocyte depletion in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for primary immunodeficiency, survival following this procedure has remained poor compared to results when using matched sibling or matched unrelated donors, over the last 40 years. However, three new techniques are radically altering the approach to HSCT for those with no matched donor, particularly those with primary immunodeficiencies which are not severe combined immunodeficiency. Recent findings Three main techniques of T-lymphocyte depletion are altering donor choice for patients with primary immunodeficiencies and have improved transplant survival for primary immunodeficiencies to over 90%, equivalent to that for matched sibling and matched unrelated donor transplants. CD3 + T cell receptor (TCR)αβ + CD19 + depletion, CD45RA depletion and use of posttransplant cyclophosphamide give similar overall survival of 90%, although viral reactivation remains a concern. Further modification of CD3 + TCRαβ + CD19 + depletion by adding back inducible caspase-9 suicide gene-modified CD3 + TCRαβ + T-lymphocytes may further improve outcomes for patients with systemic viral infection. Summary Over the last 5 years, the outcomes of HSCT using new T-lymphocyte depletion methods have improved to the extent that they are equivalent to outcomes of matched sibling donors and may be preferred in the absence of a fully matched sibling donor, over an unrelated donor to reduce the risk of graft versus host disease.
Author(s): Slatter MA, Gennery AR
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Year: 2017
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Pages: 414-420
Print publication date: 01/12/2017
Acceptance date: 02/04/2016
ISSN (print): 1528-4050
ISSN (electronic): 1473-6322
Publisher: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
URL: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACI.0000000000000402
DOI: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000402
