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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Joris VeltmanORCiD
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© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Primary Familial Brain Calcification (PFBC) is a rare calcifying disorder of the brain with autosomal dominant inheritance, of unknown prevalence. Four causal genes have been identified so far: SLC20A2, PDGFB, PDGFRB, and XPR1, with pathogenic, probably pathogenic or missense variants of unknown significance found in 27.7% probands in the French PFBC series. Estimating PFBC prevalence from a clinical input is arduous due to a large diversity of symptoms and ages of onset and to incomplete clinical penetrance. Abnormal calcifications on CT scan can be used as a reliable diagnostic biomarker whatever the clinical status, but differential diagnoses should be ruled out including the challenging exclusion of common basal ganglia calcifications. Our primary aim was to estimate the minimal prevalence of PFBC due to a variant in one of the known genes. We extracted variants from the four known genes present in the gnomAD database gathering genomic data from 138,632 individuals. We interpreted all variants based on their predicted effect, their frequency, and previous studies on PFBC patients. Using the most conservative estimate, the minimal prevalence of PFBC related to a variant in one of the four known genes was 4.5 p. 10,000 (95%CI [3.4-5.5] p. 10,000). We then used variant detection rates in patients to extrapolate an overall minimal prevalence of PFBC to 2.1 p. 1,000 (95%CI [1.9-2.4] p. 1,000). The population-based genomic analysis indicates that PFBC is not an exceptionally rare disorder, still underestimated and underdiagnosed.
Author(s): Nicolas G, Charbonnier C, Campion D, Veltman JA
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
Year: 2017
Volume: 177
Issue: 1
Pages: 68-74
Print publication date: 12/12/2017
Online publication date: 20/11/2017
Acceptance date: 22/08/2017
ISSN (print): 1552-4841
ISSN (electronic): 1552-485X
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.32605
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32605
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