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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Veronika Boczonadi, Matt Jennings, Professor Rita HorvathORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are ubiquitously expressed enzymes responsible for charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids, therefore essential for the first step in protein synthesis. Although the majority of protein synthesis happens in the cytosol, an additional translation apparatus is required to translate the 13 mitochondrial DNA-encoded proteins important for oxidative phosphorylation. Most ARS genes in these cellular compartments are distinct, but two genes are common, encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of glycine (GARS) and lysine (KARS) in both mitochondria and the cytosol. Mutations in the majority of the 37 nuclear-encoded human ARS genes have been linked to a variety of recessive and dominant tissue-specific disorders. Current data indicate that impaired enzyme function could explain the pathogenicity, however not all pathogenic ARSs mutations result in deficient catalytic function; thus, the consequences of mutations may arise from other molecular mechanisms. The peripheral nerves are frequently affected, as illustrated by the high number of mutations in cytosolic and bifunctional tRNA synthetases causing Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT). Here we provide insights on the pathomechanisms of CMT-causing tRNA synthetases with specific focus on the two bifunctional tRNA synthetases (GARS, KARS).
Author(s): Boczonadi V, Jennings MJ, Horvath R
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: FEBS letters
Year: 2018
Volume: 592
Issue: 5
Pages: 703-717
Print publication date: 01/03/2018
Online publication date: 01/02/2018
Acceptance date: 21/12/2017
Date deposited: 07/02/2018
ISSN (print): 0014-5793
ISSN (electronic): 1873-3468
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.12962
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12962
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