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Evaluating the potential of kinase inhibitors to suppress DNA repair and sensitise ovarian cancer cells to PARP inhibitors

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Asima Mukhopadhyay, Dr Yvette DrewORCiD, Liz Matheson, Dr Mo Salehan, Lucy Gentles, Professor Nicola CurtinORCiD

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Abstract

© 2018 PARP inhibitors (PARPi) represent a major advance in the treatment of ovarian cancer associated with defects in homologous recombination DNA repair (HRR), primarily due to mutations in BRCA genes. Imatinib and PI3K inhibitors are reported to downregulate HRR and, in some cases, sensitise cells to PARPi. We investigated the ability of imatinib, and the PI3K inhibitors: NVP-BEZ235 and VS-5584, to downregulate HRR and sensitise paired ovarian cancer cells with mutant and reconstituted BRCA1 to the PARPi, olaparib and rucaparib. Olaparib and imatinib combinations were also measured in primary cultures of ovarian cancer. NVP-BEZ235 and imatinib reduced RAD51 levels and focus formation (an indication of HRR function), but VS-5584 did not. In colony-forming assays none of the inhibitors sensitised cells to PARPi cytotoxicity, in fact there was a mild protective effect. These conflicting data were resolved by the observation that the kinase inhibitors reduced the S-phase fraction, when HRR proteins are at their peak and cells are sensitive to PARPi cytotoxicity. In contrast, in primary cultures in 96-well plate assays, imatinib did increase olaparib-induced growth inhibition. However, in one primary culture that could be used in colony-formation cytotoxicity assays, imatinib protected from olaparib cytotoxicity. The kinase inhibitors protect from PARPi cytotoxicity by arresting cell growth, but this may be interpreted as synergy on the basis of 96-well cell growth assays. We urge caution before combining these drugs clinically.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Mukhopadhyay A, Drew Y, Matheson E, Salehan M, Gentles L, Pachter JA, Curtin NJ

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Biochemical Pharmacology

Year: 2019

Volume: 167

Pages: 125-132

Print publication date: 01/09/2019

Online publication date: 17/10/2018

Acceptance date: 15/10/2018

ISSN (print): 0006-2952

ISSN (electronic): 1873-2968

Publisher: Elsevier Inc.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2018.10.011

DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.10.011


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