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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Katherine JohnsonORCiD, Dr Ana TopfORCiD, Professor Volker StraubORCiD, Dr Teresinha Evangelista
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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.Background: Variants in the Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes flexible Hinge Domain-containing protein 1 (SMCHD1) can cause facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 2 (FSHD2) and the unrelated Bosma arhinia microphthalmia syndrome (BAMS). In FSHD2, pathogenic variants are found anywhere in SMCHD1 while in BAMS, pathogenic variants are restricted to the extended ATPase domain. Irrespective of the phenotypic outcome, both FSHD2-associated and BAMS-associated SMCHD1 variants result in quantifiable local DNA hypomethylation. We compared FSHD2, BAMS and non-pathogenic SMCHD1 variants to derive genotype-phenotype relationships. Methods: Examination of SMCHD1 variants and methylation of the SMCHD1-sensitive FSHD locus DUX4 in 187 FSHD2 families, 41 patients with BAMS and in control individuals. Analysis of variants in a three-dimensional model of the ATPase domain of SMCHD1. Results: DUX4 methylation analysis is essential to establish pathogenicity of SMCHD1 variants. Although the FSHD2 mutation spectrum includes all types of variants covering the entire SMCHD1 locus, missense variants are significantly enriched in the extended ATPase domain. Identification of recurrent variants suggests disease-specific residues for FSHD2 and in BAMS, consistent with a largely disease-specific localisation of variants in SMCHD1. Conclusions: The localisation of missense variants within the ATPase domain of SMCHD1 may contribute to the differences in phenotypic outcome.
Author(s): Lemmers RJLF, Van Der Stoep N, Vliet PJVD, Moore SA, San Leon Granado D, Johnson K, Topf A, Straub V, Evangelista T, Mozaffar T, Kimonis V, Selvatici R, Ferlini A, Voermans N, Van Engelen B, Sacconi S, Tawil R, Lamers M, Van Der Maarel SM
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Medical Genetics
Year: 2019
Volume: 56
Issue: 10
Pages: 693-700
Print publication date: 23/09/2019
Online publication date: 26/06/2019
Acceptance date: 15/05/2019
ISSN (print): 0022-2593
ISSN (electronic): 1468-6244
Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group
URL: https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106168
DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106168
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