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Characteristics of tail pipe (Nitric oxide) and resuspended dust emissions from urban roads – A case study in Delhi city

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Anil Namdeo, Professor Margaret Carol Bell CBE, Dr Paul Goodman

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Abstract

Introduction: Personal exposure to elevated vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust emissions at urban roadside leads to carcinogenic health effects, respiratory illness and nervous system disorders. In this paper, an attempt has been made to investigate the exhaust and non-exhaust emissions emitted from selected roads in Delhi city. Methods: Based on the vehicular density per hour and speed, three categories of roads have been considered in the present study: (a) low density road (≤1000 vehicles/hour, V ≥ 10 m/s); (b) medium density road (>1000 vehicles/hour but ≤ 2000 vehicles/hour, V ≥ 7.5 m/s < 10 m/s); and (c) high density road (>2000 vehicles/hour, V < 7.5 m/s). At the selected roads, real-world exhaust emissions were measured using AVL DiTEST 1000 analyser. The silt load measurements were also carried out as per EPA AP-42 methodology at the selected roads. Results: Results indicated real-world NO exhaust emissions of 0.5 g/m³ (2.03 g/km) on high-density roads and 0.23 g/m³ (0.67 g/km) on low and medium density roads. These values were significantly higher than the Bharat Standard (BS) IV (0.25 g/km). The silt load on the different types of roads indicated 3, 25 and 44 g/m² -day dust deposition on, low, medium and high-density road, respectively. PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ emission rates were measured using US-EPA AP-42 methodology and were found to be least at low-density roads with values of 0.54 and 2.22 g/VKT (VKT -Vehicle Kilometer Travelled) respectively, and highest for high density roads with values of 12.40 and 51.25 g/VKT respectively.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Dheeraj Alshettya V, Kuppilia SK, Shiva Nagendra SM, Ramadurai G, Sethi V, Kumar R, Sharma N, Namdeo A, Bell MC, Goodman PS, Chatterton T, Barnes J, De Vito L, Longhurst J

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Transport and Health

Year: 2020

Volume: 17

Print publication date: 01/06/2020

Online publication date: 24/09/2019

Acceptance date: 17/06/2019

ISSN (print): 2214-1405

ISSN (electronic): 2214-1413

Publisher: Elsevier BV

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2019.100653

DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2019.100653

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