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Phase Diagram of Solitons in the Polar Phase of a Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Gary LiuORCiD

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Abstract

We theoretically study the structure of a stationary soliton in the polar phase of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of quadratic Zeeman effect at zero temperature. The phase diagram of such solitons is mapped out by finding the states of minimal soliton energy in the defining range of polar phase. The states are assorted into normal, anti-ferromagnetic, broken-axisymmetry, and ferromagnetic phases according to the number and spin densities in the core. The order of phase transitions between different solitons and the critical behaviour of relevant continuous transitions are proved within the mean-field theory.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Liu IK, Gou SC, Takeuchi H

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Physical Review Research

Year: 2020

Volume: 2

Issue: 3

Print publication date: 01/09/2020

Online publication date: 28/09/2020

Acceptance date: 02/09/2020

Date deposited: 26/10/2020

ISSN (electronic): 2643-1564

Publisher: American Physical Society

URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033506

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033506

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