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Analysis and physicochemical properties of cellulose nanowhiskers from Pennisetum purpureum via different acid hydrolysis reaction time

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Geoffrey Gibson

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Abstract

© 2020Cellulose nanowhisker (NWC) was extracted by hydrolysing Pennisetum purpureum (PP) fibres with acid and alkali. They were subjected to different periods of acid hydrolysis; 30, 45, and 60 min. NWC morphology and physicochemical properties were characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), particle size analyser, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. NWC3, which underwent the longest hydrolysis time, showed the smallest width and length, under TEM. All samples presented a needle-like shape under TEM and AFM; uneven lengths and irregular shapes under FESEM; and a broad range of distribution, with the particle size analyser. All samples exhibited a good crystallinity index (CrI)—72.0 to 74.6%. The highest CrI% corresponded to 60 min of acid hydrolysis. Thermogravimetric analysis showed thermal stability between 310.72 °C and 336.28 °C. Thus, cellulose nanowhisker from PP fibres, have high potential as bio-nanocomposites.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Sucinda EF, Abdul Majid MS, Ridzuan MJM, Sultan MTH, Gibson AG

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Year: 2020

Volume: 155

Pages: 241-248

Print publication date: 17/07/2020

Online publication date: 30/03/2020

Acceptance date: 21/03/2020

ISSN (print): 0141-8130

ISSN (electronic): 1879-0003

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.199

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.199

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