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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Rhona Sinclair, Dr Christopher Snowden
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© 2020, Society of Surgical Oncology. Introduction: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is an objective method of assessing functional capacity to meet the metabolic demands of surgery and has been adopted as a preoperative risk-stratification tool for patients undergoing major procedures. The two main measures are the peak rate of oxygen uptake during exercise (V ˙ O2peak) and anaerobic threshold (AT), the point at which anaerobic metabolism exceeds aerobic metabolism during exercise. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the predictive value of CPET for patients undergoing oesophagectomy. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in databases of CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus to identify studies that examined associations between preoperative CPET variables and postoperative outcomes following oesophagectomy. Results were presented as standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval. Results: Seven studies were included in this review. Preoperative V ˙ O2peak moderately correlated with cardiopulmonary complications [SMD = − 0.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 0.77 to − 0.09; p = 0.013; I2 = 80.4%], unplanned ICU admissions (SMD = − 0.34; 95% CI − 0.60 to − 0.08; p = 0.011; I2 = 0.0%), and 1-year survival (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI 0.02–0.61; p = 0.045; I2 = 0.0%). Preoperative AT values moderately correlated with unplanned ICU admissions (SMD = − 0.34; 95% CI − 0.61 to − 0.07; p = 0.014; I2 = 0.0%), and 1-year survival (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI 0.00–0.68; p = 0.049; I2 = 7.4%). Neither V ˙ O2peak nor AT demonstrated prognostic value for noncardiopulmonary complications. Conclusions: V ˙ O2peak and AT, where measured by preoperative CPET testing, are inversely associated with postoperative cardiopulmonary complications, unplanned ICU admissions, and 1-year survival following oesophagectomy. This meta-analysis was not able to identify an absolute cutoff value for CPET variables to discriminate between patients of varying levels of operative risk.
Author(s): Sivakumar J, Sivakumar H, Read M, Sinclair RCF, Snowden CP, Hii MW
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Annals of Surgical Oncology
Year: 2020
Volume: 27
Pages: 3783-3796
Print publication date: 01/10/2020
Online publication date: 02/06/2020
Acceptance date: 02/04/2020
ISSN (print): 1068-9265
ISSN (electronic): 1534-4681
Publisher: Springer
URL: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-020-08638-9
DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08638-9
PubMed id: 32488516
