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Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Pediatric Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis in the United Kingdom

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Rob ForsythORCiD, Dr Sophie West, Dr Stephen Wright

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Abstract

ObjectivesTo compare the real-world effectiveness of newer disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) vs injectables in children with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).MethodsIn this retrospective, multicenter study, from the UK Childhood Inflammatory Demyelination Network, we identified children with RRMS receiving DMTs from January 2012 to December 2018. Clinical and paraclinical data were retrieved from the medical records. Annualized relapse rates (ARRs) before and on treatment, time to relapse, time to new MRI lesions, and change in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score were calculated.ResultsOf 103 children treated with DMTs, followed up for 3.8 years, relapses on treatment were recorded in 53/89 (59.5%) on injectables vs 8/54 (15%) on newer DMTs. The ARR was reduced from 1.9 to 1.1 on injectables (p < 0.001) vs 1.6 to 0.3 on newer DMTs (p = 0.002). New MRI lesions occurred in 77/89 (86.5%) of patients on injectables vs 26/54 (47%) on newer DMTs (p = 0.0001). Children on newer DMTs showed longer time to relapse, time to switch treatment, and time to new radiologic activity than patients on injectables (log-rank p < 0.01). After adjustment for potential confounders, multivariable analysis showed that inject- ables were associated with 12-fold increased risk of clinical relapse (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 12.12, 95% CI = 1.64–89.87, p = 0.015) and a 2-fold increased risk of new radiologic activity (adjusted HR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.08–7.13, p = 0.034) compared with newer DMTs. At 2 years from treatment initiation, 38/103 (37%) patients had MRI activity in the absence of clinical relapses. The EDSS score did not change during the follow-up, and only 2 patients had cognitive impairment.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Abdel-mannan OA, Manchoon C, Rossor T, Southin J-C, Tur C, Brownlee W, Byrne S, Chitre M, Coles A, Forsyth R, Kneen R, Mankad K, Ram D, West S, Wright S, Wassmer E, Lim M, Ciccarelli O, Hemingway C, Hacohen Y

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation

Year: 2021

Volume: 8

Issue: 4

Online publication date: 21/05/2021

Acceptance date: 21/05/2021

Date deposited: 23/03/2021

ISSN (electronic): 2332-7812

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

URL: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001008

DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001008

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