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Pulse Radiolysis Investigation of Radicals Derived from Water-Soluble Cyanine Dyes: Implications for Super-resolution Microscopy

Lookup NU author(s): Emeritus Professor Anthony Harriman

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Abstract

© 2021 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.Light-induced blinking, an inherent feature of many forms of super-resolution microscopy, has been linked to transient reduction of the fluorescent cyanine dye used as an imaging agent. There is, however, only scant literature information related to one-electron reduced cyanine dyes, especially in an aqueous environment. Here, we examine a small series of cyanine dyes, possessing disparate π-conjugation lengths, under selective reducing or oxidizing conditions. The experiment allows recording of both differential absorption spectra and decay kinetics of the resultant one-electron reduced or oxidized transient species in water. Relative to the ground state, absorption transitions for the various radicals are weak and somewhat broadened but do allow correlation with the π-conjugation length. In all cases, absorption maxima lie to the blue of the main ground-state transition. Under anaerobic conditions, the transient species decay on the microsecond to millisecond time scale, with the mean lifetime depending on molecular structure, radiation dose, and dye concentration. The experimental absorption spectra recorded for the one-electron reduced radicals and the presumed dimer cation radical compare well to spectra obtained from time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The results allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the plausibility of the reduced species being responsible for light-induced blinking in direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Lisovskaya A, Carmichael I, Harriman A

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Physical Chemistry A

Year: 2021

Volume: 125

Issue: 26

Pages: 5779–5793

Print publication date: 08/07/2021

Online publication date: 24/06/2021

Acceptance date: 08/06/2021

ISSN (print): 1089-5639

ISSN (electronic): 1520-5215

Publisher: American Chemical Society

URL: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03776

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03776

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