Browse by author
Lookup NU author(s): Professor Marco Carrozzo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. This guideline has been initiated by the task force Autoimmune Blistering Diseases of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, including physicians from all relevant disciplines and patient organizations. It is a S3 consensus-based guideline that systematically reviewed the literature on mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases until June 2019, with no limitations on language. While the first part of this guideline addressed methodology, as well as epidemiology, terminology, aetiology, clinical presentation and outcome measures in MMP, the second part presents the diagnostics and management of MMP. MMP should be suspected in cases with predominant mucosal lesions. Direct immunofluorescence microscopy to detect tissue-bound IgG, IgA and/or complement C3, combined with serological testing for circulating autoantibodies are recommended. In most patients, serum autoantibodies are present only in low levels and in variable proportions, depending on the clinical sites involved. Circulating autoantibodies are determined by indirect IF assays using tissue substrates, or ELISA using different recombinant forms of the target antigens or immunoblotting using different substrates. The major target antigen in MMP is type XVII collagen (BP180), although in 10–25% of patients laminin 332 is recognized. In 25–30% of MMP patients with anti-laminin 332 reactivity, malignancies have been associated. As first-line treatment of mild/moderate MMP, dapsone, methotrexate or tetracyclines and/or topical corticosteroids are recommended. For severe MMP, dapsone and oral or intravenous cyclophosphamide and/or oral corticosteroids are recommended as first-line regimens. Additional recommendations are given, tailored to treatment of single-site MMP such as oral, ocular, laryngeal, oesophageal and genital MMP, as well as the diagnosis of ocular MMP. Treatment recommendations are limited by the complete lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials.
Author(s): Schmidt E, Rashid H, Marzano AV, Lamberts A, Di Zenzo G, Diercks GFH, Alberti-Violetti S, Barry RJ, Borradori L, Caproni M, Carey B, Carrozzo M, Cianchini G, Corra A, Dikkers FG, Feliciani C, Geerling G, Genovese G, Hertl M, Joly P, Meijer JM, Mercadante V, Murrell DF, Ormond M, Pas HH, Patsatsi A, Rauz S, van Rhijn BD, Roth M, Setterfield J, Zillikens D, Prost C, Zambruno G, Horvath B, Caux F
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
Year: 2021
Volume: 35
Issue: 10
Pages: 1926-1948
Print publication date: 01/10/2021
Online publication date: 26/07/2021
Acceptance date: 24/03/2021
Date deposited: 12/08/2021
ISSN (print): 0926-9959
ISSN (electronic): 1468-3083
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17395
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17395
Altmetrics provided by Altmetric
