Browse by author
Lookup NU author(s): Professor Moein MoghimiORCiD
Full text for this publication is not currently held within this repository. Alternative links are provided below where available.
© 2022 American Chemical Society. Many aspects of innate immune responses to SARS viruses remain unclear. Of particular interest is the role of emerging neutralizing antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in complement activation and opsonization. To overcome challenges with purified virions, here we introduce "pseudovirus-like"nanoparticles with 70 copies of functional recombinant RBD to map complement responses. Nanoparticles fix complement in an RBD-dependent manner in sera of all vaccinated, convalescent, and nal¨ve donors, but vaccinated and convalescent donors with the highest levels of anti-RBD antibodies show significantly higher IgG binding and higher deposition of the third complement protein (C3). The opsonization via anti-RBD antibodies is not an efficient process: on average, each bound antibody promotes binding of less than one C3 molecule. C3 deposition is exclusively through the alternative pathway. C3 molecules bind to protein deposits, but not IgG, on the nanoparticle surface. Lastly, "pseudovirus-like"nanoparticles promote complement-dependent uptake by granulocytes and monocytes in the blood of vaccinated donors with high anti-RBD titers. Using nanoparticles displaying SARS-CoV-2 proteins, we demonstrate subject-dependent differences in complement opsonization and immune recognition.
Author(s): Gaikwad H, Li Y, Wang G, Li R, Dai S, Rester C, Kedl R, Saba L, Banda NK, Scheinman RI, Patrick C, Mallela KMG, Moghimi SM, Simberg D
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: ACS Nano
Year: 2022
Volume: 16
Issue: 6
Pages: 8704-8715
Print publication date: 28/06/2022
Online publication date: 04/05/2022
Acceptance date: 28/04/2022
ISSN (print): 1936-0851
ISSN (electronic): 1936-086X
Publisher: American Chemical Society
URL: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c02794
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02794
Altmetrics provided by Altmetric
