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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Bill Chaudhry, Dr Ahlam Alqahtani, Dr Lorraine Eley, Dr Louise CoatsORCiD, Dr Srinivas Annavarapu, Professor Deborah HendersonORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© 2022 by the authors. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a collective term applied to severe congenital cardiac malformations, characterised by a combination of abnormalities mainly affecting the left ventricle, associated valves, and ascending aorta. Although in clinical practice HLHS is usually sub-categorised based on the patency of the mitral and aortic (left-sided) valves, it is also possible to comprehensively categorise HLHS into defined sub-groups based on the left ventricular morphology. Here, we discuss the published human-based studies of the ventricular myocardium in HLHS, evaluating whether the available evidence is in keeping with this ventricular morphology concept. Specifically, we highlight results from histological studies, indicating that the appearance of cardiomyocytes can be different based on the sub-group of HLHS. In addition, we discuss the histological appearances of endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE), which is a common feature of one specific sub-group of HLHS. Lastly, we suggest investigations that should ideally be undertaken using HLHS myocardial tissues at early stages of HLHS development to identify biological pathways and aid the understanding of HLHS aetiology.
Author(s): Chaudhry B, Alqahtani A, Eley L, Coats L, Moldovan C, Annavarapu SR, Henderson DJ
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
Year: 2022
Volume: 9
Issue: 8
Online publication date: 19/08/2022
Acceptance date: 15/08/2022
ISSN (electronic): 2308-3425
Publisher: MDPI
URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080279
DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9080279
