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X-Ray Reverberation Mapping of Ark 564 Using Gaussian Process Regression

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Adam IngramORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Abstract

© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.Ark 564 is an extreme high-Eddington narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy, known for being one of the brightest, most rapidly variable soft X-ray active galactic nuclei (AGN), and for having one of the lowest temperature coronae. Here, we present a 410 ks NuSTAR observation and two 115 ks XMM-Newton observations of this unique source, which reveal a very strong, relativistically broadened iron line. We compute the Fourier-resolved time lags by first using Gaussian processes to interpolate the NuSTAR gaps, implementing the first employment of multitask learning for application in AGN timing. By simultaneously fitting the time lags and the flux spectra with the relativistic reverberation model reltrans, we constrain the mass at 2.3 − 1.3 + 2.6 × 10 6 M ⊙ , although additional components are required to describe the prominent soft excess in this source. These results motivate future combinations of machine learning, Fourier-resolved timing, and the development of reverberation models.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Lewin C, Kara E, Wilkins D, Mastroserio G, Garcia JA, Zhang RC, Alston WN, Connors R, Dauser T, Fabian A, Ingram A, Jiang J, Lohfink A, Lucchini M, Reynolds CS, Tombesi F, Klis MVD, Wang J

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Astrophysical Journal

Year: 2022

Volume: 939

Issue: 2

Online publication date: 11/11/2022

Acceptance date: 03/10/2022

Date deposited: 28/11/2022

ISSN (print): 0004-637X

ISSN (electronic): 1538-4357

Publisher: Institute of Physics

URL: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac978f

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac978f

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