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The search for cheap, corrosion-resistant, thermally-mechanically stable functional magnetic materials, including soft magnetic and magneto-caloric materials has led to research focused on high entropy alloys (HEAs). Previous research shows that alloying elements with negative enthalpies of mixing can facilitate a second-order phase transition. On the other side of the spectrum, compositional segregation cause by positive enthalpy of mixing alloying additions (such as Cu) may also be used to tune magnetic properties. This paper studies the structural, magnetic and magneto-caloric effect of the FCC alloys CoFeNiCryCux (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5, y = 0.0, 0.8 and 1.0) to tune these properties with Cu and Cr alloying. Scanning electron microscopy of the compositions show nanoparticles forming within the grains as the Cu concentration increases. Cr addition to CoFeNiCu1.0 has a larger effect on the magnetic and magneto-caloric properties compared to the Cu addition to CoFeNiCr1.0. The addition of Cu (x = 0.5) to CoFeNiCr1.0 improved both the saturation magnetisation and Curie temperature; addition of Cr (y = 1.0) to CoFeNiCu1.0 decreased the Curie temperature by 900 K. All alloys were determined to have a second-order phase transition around their Curie temperature. The refrigerant capacity at 2 T was found to be similar to existing HEAs, although the Curie temperatures were lower than room temperature. Based on this data the CoFeNiCr0.8Cu composition was fabricated to increase the Curie temperature towards 300 K to explore these HEAs as new candidates for room temperature magneto-caloric applications. The fabricated composition showed Curie temperature, saturation magnetisation, and refrigerant capacity increasing with the small reduction in Cr content.THE FOLLOWING ARTICLE ISOPEN ACCESSInvestigation into the magnetic properties of CoFeNiCryCux alloysJames Harris1, Zhaoyuan Leong1, Peng Gong1, Juan Cornide2,3, Charlotte Pughe1, Thomas Hansen4, Aris Quintana-Nedelcos1,5, Richard Rowan-Robinson1, Ulf Dahlborg3, Monique Calvo-Dahlborg3Show full author listPublished 19 July 2021 • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing LtdJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Volume 54, Number 39Citation James Harris et al 2021 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 54 395003DOI 10.1088/1361-6463/ac1139DownloadArticle PDFFiguresReferences925 Total downloads1Submit to this JournalTurn on MathJaxShare this articleArticle informationAbstractThe search for cheap, corrosion-resistant, thermally-mechanically stable functional magnetic materials, including soft magnetic and magneto-caloric materials has led to research focused on high entropy alloys (HEAs). Previous research shows that alloying elements with negative enthalpies of mixing can facilitate a second-order phase transition. On the other side of the spectrum, compositional segregation cause by positive enthalpy of mixing alloying additions (such as Cu) may also be used to tune magnetic properties. This paper studies the structural, magnetic and magneto-caloric effect of the FCC alloys CoFeNiCryCux (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5, y = 0.0, 0.8 and 1.0) to tune these properties with Cu and Cr alloying. Scanning electron microscopy of the compositions show nanoparticles forming within the grains as the Cu concentration increases. Cr addition to CoFeNiCu1.0 has a larger effect on the magnetic and magneto-caloric properties compared to the Cu addition to CoFeNiCr1.0. The addition of Cu (x = 0.5) to CoFeNiCr1.0 improved both the saturation magnetisation and Curie temperature; addition of Cr (y = 1.0) to CoFeNiCu1.0 decreased the Curie temperature by 900 K. All alloys were determined to have a second-order phase transition around their Curie temperature. The refrigerant capacity at 2 T was found to be similar to existing HEAs, although the Curie temperatures were lower than room temperature. Based on this data the CoFeNiCr0.8Cu composition was fabricated to increase the Curie temperature towards 300 K to explore these HEAs as new candidates for room temperature magneto-caloric applications. The fabricated composition showed Curie temperature, saturation magnetisation, and refrigerant capacity increasing with the small reduction in Cr content.
Author(s): Harris J, Leong ZY, Gong P, Cornide J, Pughe C, Hansen T, Quintana-Nedelcos A, Rowan-Robinson R, Calvo-Dahlborg M
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
Year: 2021
Volume: 54
Issue: 39
Print publication date: 30/09/2021
Online publication date: 19/07/2021
Acceptance date: 05/07/2021
Date deposited: 06/04/2023
ISSN (print): 0022-3727
ISSN (electronic): 1361-6463
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac1139
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac1139
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