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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Joshua Karlsson, Dr Owen Woodford, Professor Elizabeth GibsonORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Photoelectrocatalysis offers the opportunity to close the carbon loop and convert captured CO2 back into useful fuels and feedstocks, mitigating against anthropogenic climate change. However, since CO2 is inherently stable and sunlight is a diffuse and intermittent energy source, there are considerable scientific challenges to overcome. In this paper we present the integration of two new metal-organic photocatalysts into photocathodes for the reduction of CO2 using ambient light. The two molecular dyads contained a rhenium carbonyl or Pd-based catalytic centre bridged to a ruthenium bipyridyl photosensitizer functionalised with carboxylic acid groups to enable adsorption onto the surface of mesoporous NiO cathodes. The photocathodes were evaluated for photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO or H+ to H2 and the performances were compared directly with a control compound lacking the catalytic site. A suite of electrochemical, UV-visible steady-state/time-resolved spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and gas chromatography measurements were employed to gain kinetic and mechanistic insight to primary electron transfer processes and relate the structure to the photoelectrocatalytic performance under various conditions in aqueous media. A change in behaviour when the photocatalysts were immobilized on NiO was observed. Importantly, the transfer of electron density towards the Re-CO catalytic centre was observed, using time resolved infrared spectroscopy, only when the photocatalyst was immobilized on NiO and not in MeCN solution. We observed that photocurrent and gaseous photoproduct yields are limited by a relatively low yield of the required charge-separated state across the NiO|Photocatalyst interface. Nonetheless, the high Faradaic Efficiency (94%) and selectivity (99%) of the Re system towards CO evolution are very promising.
Author(s): Karlsson JKG, Cerpentier FJR, Lalrempuia R, Appleby MV, Shipp JD, Chekulaev D, Woodford O, Weinstein JA, Pryce MT, Gibson EA
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Sustainable Energy & Fuels
Year: 2023
Volume: 7
Issue: 14
Pages: 3284-3293
Online publication date: 15/06/2023
Acceptance date: 14/06/2023
Date deposited: 14/06/2023
ISSN (electronic): 2398-4902
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
URL: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SE00442B
DOI: 10.1039/D3SE00442B
Data Access Statement: Archived raw data for this study can be found at: https://doi.org/10.25405/data.ncl.21617889.v1. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental details and data for electrochemical measurements (linear sweeps, chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry), characterization data for the photocatalyst materials, XPS data, information on gas chromatography experiments and detailed transient infrared absorption spectroscopy results. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3se00442b
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