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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Shelina Visram
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Objective: To update an earlier review, published in 2016, on the health and other outcomes associated with children and young people’s consumption of energy drinks (EDs). Methods: Systematic searches of nine databases (ASSIA, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, DARE, EMBASE, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycInfo and Web of Science) retrieved original articles reporting effects of EDs experienced by children and young people up to 21 years. Searches were restricted by publication dates (January 2016 to July 2022) and language (English). Studies assessed as being weak were excluded from the review. Included studies underwent narrative synthesis. Results: A total of 57 studies were included. Boys consumed EDs more than girls. Many studies reported a strong positive association between ED consumption and smoking, alcohol use, binge drinking, other substance use and the intentions to initiate these behaviours. Sensation-seeking and delinquent behaviours were positively associated with ED consumption, as were short sleep duration, poor sleep quality and low academic performance. Additional health effects noted in the updated review included increased risk of suicide, psychological distress, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, depressive and panic behaviours, allergic diseases, insulin resistance, dental caries and erosive tooth wear. Conclusions: This review adds to the growing evidence that ED consumption by children and young people is associated with numerous adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Where feasible and ethical, additional longitudinal studies are required to ascertain causality. The precautionary principle should be considered in regulatory policy and restriction of ED sales to this population. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021255484.
Author(s): Ajibo C, Griethuysen AV, Visram S, Lake AA
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Public Health
Year: 2024
Pages: Epub ahead of print
Online publication date: 15/01/2024
Acceptance date: 21/08/2023
Date deposited: 29/08/2023
ISSN (print): 0033-3506
ISSN (electronic): 1476-5616
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.024
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.024
ePrints DOI: 10.57711/wfga-6b86
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