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Delirium is more common and associated with worse outcomes in Parkinson's disease compared to older adult controls: results of two prospective longitudinal cohort studies

Lookup NU author(s): Florence GerakiosORCiD, Professor Alison Yarnall, Gemma Bate, Dr Laura WrightORCiD, Dr Daniel Davis, Professor Carol Brayne, Professor John-Paul TaylorORCiD, Professor David BurnORCiD, Dr Louise Allan, Dr Sarah Richardson, Dr Rachael LawsonORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

Background: Inpatient prevalence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) delirium varies widely across the literature. Delirium in general older populations is associated with adverse outcomes, such as increased mortality, dementia, and institutionalisation. However, to date there are no comprehensive prospective studies in PD delirium. This study aimed to determine delirium prevalence in hospitalised PD participants and the association with adverse outcomes, compared to a control group of older adults without PD. Methods: Participants were hospitalised inpatients from the ‘Defining Delirium and its Impact in Parkinson’s Disease’ and the ‘Delirium and Cognitive Impact in Dementia’ studies comprising 121 PD participants and 199 older adult controls. Delirium was diagnosed prospectively using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition criteria. Outcomes were determined by medical note reviews and/or home visits 12 months post hospital discharge. Results: Delirium was identified in 66.9% of PD participants compared to 38.7% of controls, p<.001. In PD participants only, delirium was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality (HR=3.3 (1.3-8.6), p=.014) and institutionalisation (OR=10.7 (2.1-54.6), p=.004) 12 months post-discharge, compared to older adult controls. However, delirium was associated with an increased risk of developing dementia 12 months post-discharge in both PD participants (OR=6.1 (1.3-29.5), p=.024) and in controls (OR=13.4 (2.5-72.6), p=.003). Conclusion: Delirium is common in hospitalised PD patients, affecting two thirds of patients, and is associated with increased mortality, institutionalisation, and dementia. Further research is essential to understand how to accurately identify, prevent and manage delirium in people with PD who are in hospital.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Gerakios F, Yarnall AJ, Bate G, Wright L, Davis D, Stephan BCM, Robinson L, Brayne C, Stebbins G, Taylor JP, Burn DJ, Allan L, Richardson SJ, Lawson RA

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Age and Ageing

Year: 2024

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Online publication date: 15/03/2024

Acceptance date: 12/01/2024

Date deposited: 16/01/2024

ISSN (electronic): 1468-2834

Publisher: Oxford University Press

URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afae046

DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae046


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
Alzheimer’s Society
MRC
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)

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