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Genome-wide analysis in over 1 million individuals of European ancestry yields improved polygenic risk scores for blood pressure traits

Lookup NU author(s): Valentina Mamasoula

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

© 2024. The Author(s). Hypertension affects more than one billion people worldwide. Here we identify 113 novel loci, reporting a total of 2,103 independent genetic signals (P < 5 × 10-8) from the largest single-stage blood pressure (BP) genome-wide association study to date (n = 1,028,980 European individuals). These associations explain more than 60% of single nucleotide polymorphism-based BP heritability. Comparing top versus bottom deciles of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) reveals clinically meaningful differences in BP (16.9 mmHg systolic BP, 95% CI, 15.5-18.2 mmHg, P = 2.22 × 10-126) and more than a sevenfold higher odds of hypertension risk (odds ratio, 7.33; 95% CI, 5.54-9.70; P = 4.13 × 10-44) in an independent dataset. Adding PRS into hypertension-prediction models increased the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) from 0.791 (95% CI, 0.781-0.801) to 0.826 (95% CI, 0.817-0.836, ∆AUROC, 0.035, P = 1.98 × 10-34). We compare the 2,103 loci results in non-European ancestries and show significant PRS associations in a large African-American sample. Secondary analyses implicate 500 genes previously unreported for BP. Our study highlights the role of increasingly large genomic studies for precision health research.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Keaton JM, Kamali Z, Xie T, Vaez A, Williams A, Goleva SB, Ani A, Evangelou E, Hellwege JN, Yengo L, Young WJ, Traylor M, Giri A, Zheng Z, Zeng J, Chasman DI, Morris AP, Caulfield MJ, Hwang S-J, Kooner JS, Conen D, Attia JR, Morrison AC, Loos RJF, Kristiansson K, Schmidt R, Hicks AA, Pramstaller PP, Nelson CP, Samani NJ, Risch L, Gyllensten U, Melander O, Riese H, Wilson JF, Campbell H, Rich SS, Psaty BM, Lu Y, Rotter JI, Guo X, Rice KM, Vollenweider P, Sundstrom J, Langenberg C, Tobin MD, Giedraitis V, Luan J, Tuomilehto J, Kutalik Z, Ripatti S, Salomaa V, Girotto G, Trompet S, Jukema JW, van der Harst P, Ridker PM, Giulianini F, Vitart V, Goel A, Watkins H, Harris SE, Deary IJ, van der Most PJ, Oldehinkel AJ, Keavney BD, Hayward C, Campbell A, Boehnke M, Scott LJ, Boutin T, Mamasoula C, Jarvelin M-R, Peters A, Gieger C, Lakatta EG, Cucca F, Hui J, Knekt P, Enroth S, De Borst MH, Polasek O, Concas MP, Catamo E, Cocca M, Li-Gao R, Hofer E, Schmidt H, Spedicati B, Waldenberger M, Strachan DP, Laan M, Teumer A, Dorr M, Gudnason V, Cook JP, Ruggiero D, Kolcic I, Boerwinkle E, Traglia M, Lehtimaki T, Raitakari OT, Johnson AD, Newton-Cheh C, Brown MJ, Dominiczak AF, Sever PJ, Poulter N, Chambers JC, Elosua R, Siscovick D, Esko T, Metspalu A, Strawbridge RJ, Laakso M, Hamsten A, Hottenga J-J, de Geus E, Morris AD, Palmer CNA, Nolte IM, Milaneschi Y, Marten J, Wright A, Zeggini E, Howson JMM, O'Donnell CJ, Spector T, Nalls MA, Simonsick EM, Liu Y, van Duijn CM, Butterworth AS, Danesh JN, Menni C, Wareham NJ, Khaw K-T, Sun YV, Wilson PWF, Cho K, Visscher PM, Denny JC, Levy D, Edwards TL, Munroe PB, Snieder H, Warren HR

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Nature Genetics

Year: 2024

Volume: 56

Issue: 5

Pages: 778-791

Print publication date: 01/05/2024

Online publication date: 30/04/2024

Acceptance date: 11/03/2024

Date deposited: 29/05/2024

ISSN (print): 1061-4036

ISSN (electronic): 1546-1718

Publisher: Springer Nature

URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-024-01714-w

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01714-w

Data Access Statement: Full GWAS summary statistics of our meta-analyses are publicly available on the GWAS Catalog website data repository (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas) with data accession codes GCST90310294, GCST90310295 and GCST90310296 for SBP, DBP and PP, respectively. The SBayesRC PRS data for SBP, DBP and PP are deposited on the PGS Catalog website (https://www.pgscatalog.org), with data accession codes PGS004603, PGS004604 and PGS004605 for SBP, DBP and PP, respectively, alongside publication ID PGP000581. The standard clumping and threshold PRSs for SBP, DBP and PP; summary statistics for sentinel SNPs for each BP trait as well as optimized PRS; and statistically significant reports for S-PrediXcan results for all five tissues for all BP traits evaluated are available in the Supplementary Tables. Code availability: All software programs used in the study are publicly available as described in Methods and the Reporting Summary.

PubMed id: 38689001


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
2014-2020.4.01.15-0012
3400581
Council of Europe
British Heart Foundation Professorship
BX004821
Estonian Research Council
Iran's National Elites Foundation
ISF140100108
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
K12HD04348
Million Veteran Program (MVP) VA Award
National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator Award
National Institutes of Health
PRG1291

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