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Yeasts volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as potential growth enhancers and molds biocontrol agents of mushrooms mycelia

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Emanuela Torelli

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Abstract

© 2024Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by yeasts can positively affect crops, acting as antifungals or biostimulants. In this study, Aureobasidium pullulans and Metschnikowia pulcherrima were evaluated as potential antagonists of Trichoderma spp., common fungal pathogen in mushroom cultivation. To assess the biocontrol ability and biostimulant properties of the selected yeast species, in vitro co-culture and VOCs exposure assays were conducted. In both assays, VOCs produced by Aureobasidium spp. showed the stronger antifungal activity with a growth inhibition up to 30 %. This result was further confirmed by the higher volatilome alcohol content revealed by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME/GC–MS). Overall, Aureobasidium strains can be potentially used as biocontrol agent in Pleorotus ostreatus and Cyclocybe cylindracea mycelial growth, without affecting their development as demonstrated by VOCs exposure assay and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Conversely, M. pulcherrima was characterized by a lower or absent antifungal properties and by a volatilome composition rich in isobutyl acetate, an ester often recognized as plant growth promoter. As confirmed by FT-IR, Lentinula mycelia exposed to M. pulcherrima VOCs showed a higher content of proteins and lipids, suggesting an improvement of some biochemical properties. Our study emphasizes that VOCs produced by specific yeast strains are potentially powerful alternative to synthetic fungicide in the vegetative growth of mushroom-forming fungi and also able to modify their biochemical composition.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Di Francesco A, Moret E, Cignola R, Garagozzo L, Torelli E, Di Foggia M

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Fungal Biology

Year: 2024

Volume: 128

Issue: 4

Pages: 1859-1867

Print publication date: 01/06/2024

Online publication date: 23/05/2024

Acceptance date: 22/05/2024

ISSN (print): 1878-6146

ISSN (electronic): 1878-6162

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2024.05.007

DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.05.007

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