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Still too little evidence: the role of diet in colorectal cancer survivorship - a systematic review

Lookup NU author(s): Anna Fretwell, Dr Bano Louca, Dr Sam OrangeORCiD, Dr Fiona MalcomsonORCiD, Dr Christina DobsonORCiD, Professor Bernard Corfe

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

© 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Colorectal cancer incidence (CRC) is influenced by dietary factors, yet the impact of diet on CRC-specific mortality and recurrence-free survival (RFS) remains unclear. This review provides a narrative summary of existing research on dietary factors affecting CRC-specific mortality, RFS, and disease-free survival (DFS). This study searched electronic databases to identify cross-sectional/prospective research investigating dietary intake on CRC-specific mortality, RFS, or DFS. Twenty-eight studies were included in the corpus. Because of high study heterogeneity, we performed a narrative synthesis of studies. Limited, but suggestive evidence indicates beneficial effects of adhering to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines and a plant rich low-carbohydrate diet on risk of CRC-specific mortality, potentially driven by fiber from cereals, vegetables, and wholegrains, but not fruit. For RFS and DFS, a Western dietary pattern, high intake of refined grains, and sugar sweetened beverages correlated with increased risk of CRC recurrence and development of disease/death. Conversely, greater adherence to the ACS dietary and alcohol guidelines, higher ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dark fish consumption reduced risk. Our findings underscore the need for (i) standardized investigations into diet’s role in CRC survivorship, including endpoints, and (ii) comprehensive analyses to isolate specific effects within correlated lifestyle components.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Fretwell A, Louca P, Cohoon G, Sakellaropoulou A, Henriques Caetano MDP, Koullapis A, Orange ST, Malcomson FC, Dobson C, Corfe BM

Publication type: Review

Publication status: Published

Journal: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

Year: 2024

Pages: ePub ahead of Print

Online publication date: 11/06/2024

Acceptance date: 21/05/2024

ISSN (print): 1040-8398

ISSN (electronic): 1549-7852

Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2024.2360068

DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2360068

Data Access Statement: All data used in this study is available in the corresponding manuscripts.


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