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The association between excess weight and COVID-19 outcomes: An umbrella review

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Oliver Shannon

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

© 2024 The Author(s). Obesity Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Obesity Federation.This umbrella review assessed the association between excess weight and COVID-19 outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were systematically searched for reviews that assessed the association between excess weight and COVID-19 outcomes. A second-order meta-analysis was conducted on the available data for intensive care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation administration, disease severity, hospitalization, and mortality. The quality of included reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 appraisal tool. In total, 52 systematic reviews were included, 49 of which included meta-analyses. The risk of severe outcomes (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.70 to 2.05), intensive care unit admission (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.45 to 1.72), invasive mechanical ventilation administration (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.57 to 1.83), hospitalization (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.61 to 2.05), and mortality (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.48) following COVID-19 infection was significantly higher in individuals living with excess weight compared with those with a healthy weight. There was limited evidence available in the included reviews regarding the influence of moderating factors such as ethnicity, and the majority of included reviews were of poor quality. Obesity appears to represent an important modifiable pre-infection risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes, including death.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Matu J, Griffiths A, Shannon OM, Jones A, Day R, Radley D, Feeley A, Mabbs L, Blackshaw J, Sattar N, Ells L

Publication type: Review

Publication status: Published

Journal: Obesity Reviews

Year: 2024

Volume: 25

Issue: 10

Print publication date: 01/10/2024

Online publication date: 03/08/2024

Acceptance date: 04/07/2024

ISSN (print): 1467-7881

ISSN (electronic): 1467-789X

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc

URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13803

DOI: 10.1111/obr.13803

Data Access Statement: The analysis script and data can be found here [https://osf.io/dkgjn/]


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