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Combined Neuroinflammation and Amyloid PET Markers in Predicting Disease Progression in Cognitively Impaired Subjects

Lookup NU author(s): Emeritus Professor David Brooks

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Abstract

© 2024-IOS Press. All rights reserved. Background: Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease is known as an important process in the disease, yet how microglial activation affects disease progression remains unclear. Objective: The current study aims to interrogate the predictive value of neuroinflammation biomarker (11C-PBR28 PET), together with A/T/N imaging markers on disease deterioration in a cognitively impaired patient cohort. Methods: The study included 6 AD and 27 MCI patients, who had MRI, 11C-PBR28, 18F-flutemetamol (amyloid marker), 18F-AV1451 (tau marker) PET scans, and were followed up with multiple neuropsychological assessments for at least one year (1.6 and 2.8 years on average for AD and MCI). The predictive values of imaging biomarkers on baseline and longitudinal cognition were interrogated using linear regression to identify the biomarkers that could explain disease progression. Results: Linear mixed models found the average intercepts (baseline) MMSE were 23.5 for AD and 28.2 for MCI patients, and the slope of MMSE (annual change) were-0.74 for AD and-0.52 for MCI patients. White matter microstructural integrity was predictive of baseline cognition, while PET markers of amyloid, tau and neuroinflammation were predictive of longitudinal cognitive decline. Both amyloid and neuroinflammation PET markers were predictors independent of each other. And a sub-group analysis showed the predictive effect of neuroinflammation on cognitive decline is independent of amyloid and tau. Conclusions: Our study highlights the prognostic value of disease specific markers (amyloid, tau and neuroinflammation) in clinically diagnosed AD and MCI patients and suggests that the effects of these molecular markers are mediated by structural damage to the brain.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Leng F, Hinz R, Gentleman S, Dani M, Brooks DJ, Edison P

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

Year: 2024

Volume: 100

Issue: 3

Pages: 973-986

Online publication date: 30/07/2024

Acceptance date: 28/05/2024

ISSN (print): 1387-2877

ISSN (electronic): 1875-8908

Publisher: IOS Press BV

URL: https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-230442

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-230442

PubMed id: 39031352

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