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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Matt BawnORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© 2018 The Authors. The Americas were the last inhabitable continents to be occupied by humans, with a growing multidisciplinary consensus for entry 15–25 thousand years ago (kya) from northeast Asia via the former Beringia land bridge [1–4]. Autosomal DNA analyses have dated the separation of Native American ancestors from the Asian gene pool to 23 kya or later [5, 6] and mtDNA analyses to ∼25 kya [7], followed by isolation (“Beringian Standstill” [8, 9]) for 2.4–9 ky and then a rapid expansion throughout the Americas. Here, we present a calibrated sequence-based analysis of 222 Native American and relevant Eurasian Y chromosomes (24 new) from haplogroups Q and C [10], with four major conclusions. First, we identify three to four independent lineages as autochthonous and likely founders: the major Q-M3 and rarer Q-CTS1780 present throughout the Americas, the very rare C3-MPB373 in South America, and possibly the C3-P39/Z30536 in North America. Second, from the divergence times and Eurasian/American distribution of lineages, we estimate a Beringian Standstill duration of 2.7 ky or 4.6 ky, according to alternative models, and entry south of the ice sheet after 19.5 kya. Third, we describe the star-like expansion of Q-M848 (within Q-M3) starting at 15 kya [11] in the Americas, followed by establishment of substantial spatial structure in South America by 12 kya. Fourth, the deep branches of the Q-CTS1780 lineage present at low frequencies throughout the Americas today [12] may reflect a separate out-of-Beringia dispersal after the melting of the glaciers at the end of the Pleistocene.© 2018 The AuthorsPinotti et al. provide a genetic analysis of male history in the Americas that reveals three or four founding lineages, an occupation of Beringia for no longer than 4,600 years, entry south of the ice sheets after 19,500 years ago, and the establishment of the present-day male population structure in South America by 12,000 years ago.
Author(s): Pinotti T, Bergstrom A, Geppert M, Bawn M, Ohasi D, Shi W, Lacerda DR, Solli A, Norstedt J, Reed K, Dawtry K, Gonzalez-Andrade F, Paz-y-Mino C, Revollo S, Cuellar C, Jota MS, Santos JE, Ayub Q, Kivisild T, Sandoval JR, Fujita R, Xue Y, Roewer L, Santos FR, Tyler-Smith C
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Current Biology
Year: 2019
Volume: 29
Issue: 1
Pages: 149-157.e3
Print publication date: 07/01/2019
Online publication date: 20/12/2018
Acceptance date: 09/11/2018
Date deposited: 10/02/2025
ISSN (print): 0960-9822
ISSN (electronic): 1879-0445
Publisher: Cell Press
URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.029
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.029
PubMed id: 30581024
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