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Lookup NU author(s): Dr James Nightingale
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© The Authors 2025. We investigated the ability of the Euclid telescope to detect galaxy-scale gravitational lenses. To do so, we performed a systematic visual inspection of the 0.7 deg2 Euclid Early Release Observations data towards the Perseus cluster using both the high-resolution IE band and the lower-resolution YE, JE, and HE bands. Each extended source brighter than magnitude 23 in IE was inspected by 41 expert human classifiers. This amounts to 12 086 stamps of 1000 × 1000. We found 3 grade A and 13 grade B candidates. We assessed the validity of these 16 candidates by modelling them and checking that they are consistent with a single source lensed by a plausible mass distribution. Five of the candidates pass this check, five others are rejected by the modelling, and six are inconclusive. Extrapolating from the five successfully modelled candidates, we infer that the full 14 000 deg2 of the Euclid Wide Survey should contain 100 000+-7030000000 galaxy-galaxy lenses that are both discoverable through visual inspection and have valid lens models. This is consistent with theoretical forecasts of 170 000 discoverable galaxy-galaxy lenses in Euclid. Our five modelled lenses have Einstein radii in the range 000 . 68 < θE < 100 . 24, but their Einstein radius distribution is on the higher side when compared to theoretical forecasts. This suggests that our methodology is likely missing small-Einstein-radius systems. Whilst it is implausible to visually inspect the full Euclid dataset, our results corroborate the promise that Euclid will ultimately deliver a sample of around 105 galaxy-scale lenses.
Author(s): Acevedo Barroso JA, O'Riordan CM, Clement B, Tortora C, Collett TE, Courbin F, Gavazzi R, Metcalf RB, Busillo V, Andika IT, Cabanac R, Courtois HM, Crook-Mansour J, Delchambre L, Despali G, Ecker LR, Franco A, Holloway P, Jackson N, Jahnke K, Mahler G, Marchetti L, Matavulj P, Melo A, Meneghetti M, Moustakas LA, Muller O, Nucita AA, Paulino-Afonso A, Pearson J, Rojas K, Scarlata C, Schuldt S, Serjeant S, Sluse D, Suyu SH, Vaccari M, Verma A, Vernardos G, Walmsley M, Bouy H, Walth GL, Powell DM, Bolzonella M, Cuillandre J-C, Kluge M, Saifollahi T, Schirmer M, Stone C, Acebron A, Bazzanini L, Diaz-Sanchez A, Hogg NB, Koopmans LVE, Kruk S, Leuzzi L, Manjon-Garcia A, Mannucci F, Nagam BC, Pearce-Casey R, Scharre L, Wilde J, Altieri B, Amara A, Andreon S, Auricchio N, Baccigalupi C, Baldi M, Balestra A, Bardelli S, Basset A, Battaglia P, Bender R, Bonino D, Branchini E, Brescia M, Brinchmann J, Caillat A, Camera S, Candini GP, Capobianco V, Carbone C, Carretero J, Casas S, Castellano M, Castignani G, Cavuoti S, Cimatti A, Colodro-Conde C, Congedo G, Conselice CJ, Conversi L, Copin Y, Corcione L, Cropper M, Da Silva A, Degaudenzi H, De Lucia G, Dinis J, Dubath F, Dupac X, Dusini S, Farina M, Farrens S, Ferriol S, Frailis M, Franceschi E, Galeotta S, Garilli B, George K, Gillard W, Gillis B, Giocoli C, Gomez-Alvarez P, Grazian A, Grupp F, Guzzo L, Haugan SVH, Hoekstra H, Holmes W, Hook I, Hormuth F, Hornstrup A, Jhabvala M, Joachimi B, Keihanen E, Kermiche S, Kiessling A, Kubik B, Kunz M, Kurki-Suonio H, Le Mignant D, Ligori S, Lilje PB, Lindholm V, Lloro I, Mainetti G, Maiorano E, Mansutti O, Marcin S, Marggraf O, Martinelli M, Martinet N, Marulli F, Massey R, Medinaceli E, Melchior M, Mellier Y, Merlin E, Meylan G, Moresco M, Moscardini L, Munari E, Nakajima R, Neissner C, Nichol RC, Niemi S-M, Nightingale JW, Padilla C, Paltani S, Pasian F, Pedersen K, Percival WJ, Pettorino V, Pires S, Polenta G, Poncet M, Popa LA, Pozzetti L, Raison F, Rebolo R, Renzi A, Rhodes J, Riccio G, Romelli E, Roncarelli M, Rossetti E, Saglia R, Sakr Z, Sanchez AG, Sapone D, Schneider P, Schrabback T, Secroun A, Seidel G, Serrano S, Sirignano C, Sirri G, Skottfelt J, Stanco L, Steinwagner J, Tallada-Crespi P, Tavagnacco D, Taylor AN, Tereno I, Toledo-Moreo R, Torradeflot F, Tutusaus I, Valentijn EA, Valenziano L, Vassallo T, Wang Y, Weller J, Zucca E, Burigana C, Scottez V, Viel M, Scott D, Vegetti S
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Year: 2025
Volume: 697
Print publication date: 01/05/2025
Online publication date: 30/04/2025
Acceptance date: 22/02/2025
Date deposited: 20/05/2025
ISSN (print): 0004-6361
ISSN (electronic): 1432-0746
Publisher: EDP Sciences
URL: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202451868
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451868
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