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Lookup NU author(s): Rosa Maleki, Dr Jessica HolmesORCiD, Dr Ross StirlingORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
This review examines the application of the geophysical methods for Transportation Infrastructure Slope Monitoring (TISM). In contrast to existing works, which address geophysical methods for natural landslide monitoring, this study focuses on their application to infrastructure assets. It addresses the key aspects regarding the geophysical methods most employed, the subsurface properties revealed, and the design of monitoring systems, including sensor deployment. It evaluates the benefits and challenges associated with each geophysical approach, explores the potential for integrating geophysical techniques with other methods, and identifies the emerging technologies. Geophysical techniques such as Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), and Fiber Optic Cable (FOC) have proven effective in monitoring slope stability and detecting subsurface features, including soil moisture dynamics, slip surfaces, and material heterogeneity. Both temporary and permanent monitoring setups have been used, with increasing interest in real-time monitoring solutions. The integration of advanced technologies like Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), UAV-mounted sensors, and artificial intelligence (AI) promises to enhance the resolution, accessibility, and predictive capabilities of slope monitoring systems. The review concludes with recommendations for future research, emphasizing the need for integrated monitoring frameworks that combine geophysical data with real-time analysis to improve the safety and efficiency of transportation infrastructure management.
Author(s): Maleki ZR, Wilkinson P, Chambers J, Donohue S, Holmes JL, Stirling R
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Geosciences
Year: 2025
Volume: 15
Issue: 6
Online publication date: 12/06/2025
Acceptance date: 04/05/2025
ISSN (electronic): 2076-3263
Publisher: MDPI
URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15060220
DOI: 10.3390/geosciences15060220
