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Who is the “Therapist” in Digital Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (dCBTi)?

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Karen Marshall

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Abstract

© 2025 Stanley et al.Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for insomnia (CBTi) is a highly effective, evidence-based intervention, increasingly delivered through digital platforms. However, the human qualities embedded in traditional face-to-face CBTi (such as empathy, clinical judgement, and personalised encouragement) are difficult to replicate digitally. Digital CBTi is often treated as a single therapeutic modality, yet approaches vary significantly in the extent and nature of human support provided, raising important questions about the identity and role of the “therapist” in digital care. This perspectives paper explores the critical role of human support in digital CBTi and examines different models for integrating human input into digital care pathways. The authors argue that while digital CBTi offers scalable and accessible treatment for insomnia, that the inclusion of trained human support remains a vital component for maximising engagement, personalisation, and long-term clinical outcomes.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Stanley N, Marshall K, Gardiner A

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Nature and Science of Sleep

Year: 2025

Volume: 2025:17

Pages: 1319-1324

Online publication date: 13/06/2025

Acceptance date: 09/05/2025

Date deposited: 24/07/2025

ISSN (electronic): 1179-1608

Publisher: Dove Medical Press Ltd

URL: https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S516276

DOI: 10.2147/NSS.S516276

Data Access Statement: Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

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