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Lookup NU author(s): Malvika Patial, Dr Anke Neumann
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© 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Chlorinated ethenes (CEs) are some of the most commonly found groundwater contaminants, and their clean-up still relies heavily on energy intensive clean-up practices such as pump and treat. As a sustainable alternative, abiotic natural attenuation by Fe(ii) species would be preferable. While data is available on reduction of some CEs by stable Fe(ii) phases, these reactions appear to be slower than reduction by freshly precipitated, transient Fe(ii) phases (i.e., reactive mineral intermediates, RMIs). Here, we evaluated cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) reduction by stable and transient Fe(ii)-containing phases, and characterized the transient phases formed. In the absence of aqueous Fe(ii) (Fe(ii)aq), magnetite, chloride green rust, hematite, mackinawite, and clay minerals did not reduce cDCE. When Fe(ii)aq was present with these minerals, reduction usually occurred when conditions favored precipitation of ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2). Additionally, we observed cDCE reduction by Fe(ii) precipitates made from FeCl2 and ferrous ammonium sulfate (FAS), but never with FeSO4 present. Under no conditions, with or without Fe(ii)aq, was cDCE reduced by goethite, chukanovite, sulfate green rust, or aluminum oxide. Mössbauer spectra of the transient phases indicate that ferrous (oxy)hydroxides such as Fe(OH)2 formed from FeCl2 and FeSO4 and a green rust-like precipitate formed from FAS. These spectra suggest that reduction is faster when the phases are less ordered, possibly because the Fe(ii) precipitates are less crystalline or form smaller particles. Our work suggests that although most stable Fe(ii) phases do not reduce cDCE sufficiently fast for significant abiotic natural attenuation, Fe(ii) RMI phases may contribute to attenuation of cDCE plumes.
Author(s): Chelsvig CE, Patial M, Latta DE, Tratnyek PG, Neumann A, Scherer MM
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts
Year: 2025
Volume: 27
Issue: 9
Pages: 2770-2784
Print publication date: 01/09/2025
Online publication date: 07/08/2025
Acceptance date: 27/07/2025
ISSN (print): 2050-7887
ISSN (electronic): 2050-7895
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
URL: https://doi.org/10.1039/d5em00274e
DOI: 10.1039/d5em00274e
PubMed id: 40773167
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