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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Salman RazviORCiD
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Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus frequently occur together, with evidence showing higher rates of each condition in individuals affected by the other. Beyond their statistical association, emerging research indicates shared mechanisms involving autoimmunity, obesity, ageing and insulin resistance, which might explain their bidirectional relationship. This Review synthesises current evidence on these links, with a particular focus on how thyroid dysfunction influences glycaemic control and how anti-diabetic therapies affect thyroid function. Unlike earlier reviews, we frame thyroid disorders within the broader category of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), emphasising their public health relevance and the need for greater attention in global funding and policy agendas. By combining clinical insights with a population health perspective, this article aims to promote earlier detection, integrated management strategies and recognition of thyroid disease as a neglected NCD priority.
Author(s): Razvi S
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Year: 2025
Pages: epub ahead of print
Online publication date: 08/01/2026
Acceptance date: 10/12/2025
ISSN (print): 1759-5029
ISSN (electronic): 1759-5037
URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01226-5
DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01226-5
