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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Duo Li
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© 2025. The Author(s).Multiple hazard risks (MHRs) in coastal zones will continue to increase due to climate change and rising sea levels. These disproportionate impacts create shared challenges that require cross-border mitigation efforts. However, understanding how coastal areas exhibit common risk patterns and how such patterns can inform risk-based cooperation remains fairly limited. Here, we investigated international cooperation potential among 126 coastal countries from an integrated perspective of their risk similarity, geopolitical stance, and knowledge exchange. We conducted a high-resolution assessment of multiple hazard risks (including earthquakes, landslides, flooding, and cyclones) and developed a bottom-up similarity measure to identify common risk profiles across regions from both size and space. Our analysis revealed a notably high degree of risk similarity across country pairs, suggesting greater potential for cooperation than that previously recognized; 89% of country pairs with high risk similarity lacked strong partnerships in consensus-building or knowledge-sharing. This cooperation gap was even more pronounced in the Global South and small island developing states. Instead of relying solely on geographic proximity or existing alliances, we argue for a shift in focus toward partnerships grounded in shared risk challenges. This approach can help to build collective resilience to achieve Sustainable Development Goals for climate action (SDG 13) and partnerships for the goals (SDG 17).
Author(s): Li J, Tang J, Zhao P, Huang F, Lyu W, Wang J, Li D, Richards D, Lu Q, Zhang J, Chen J
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Earth's Future
Year: 2025
Volume: 13
Issue: 12
Online publication date: 10/12/2025
Acceptance date: 26/10/2025
Date deposited: 22/12/2025
ISSN (electronic): 2328-4277
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc
URL: https://doi.org/10.1029/2025EF006592
DOI: 10.1029/2025EF006592
Data Access Statement: The code supporting the findings of the current study is publicly available at (Jiaying, 2025). An online interactive map of the full results can be found at https://joyingl.github.io/cmhr/. The analyses in this paper are based on publicly available data sets: coastline data from GSHHG (Wessel & Smith, 1996); seismic data from ISC (ISC, 2024); landslide data from COOLR (Juang et al., 2019); flooding data from the DFO database (Brakenridge & Kettner, 1993); tropical cyclone and typhoon tracks from IBTrACS (Knapp et al., 2010); HydroSHEDS (Lehner et al., 2008); soil data from OpenLandMap (Hengl, 2018; Hengl & Gupta, 2019); NASA MODIS data products used in this study include vegetation indices (Didan, 2021) and land cover type (Friedl & Sulla- Menashe, 2022); ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis data (Copernicus Climate Change Service, 2023); EM-DAT disaster database (Guha-Sapir et al., 2016); Please see the paper for the rest of the data access statement
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