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Lookup NU author(s): Sonam Rinzin
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© 2025 American Meteorological Society. Glacial lake monitoring is urgently needed across the Himalaya due to the threat of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Furthermore, both the population and the infrastructure exposed to or dependent on these glacial lakes are increasing. However, there are a substantial number of glacial lakes in the Himalaya with potential transboundary GLOF impacts, and their remote, high-altitude locations make monitoring extremely challenging, so existing field measurements are limited. Here, we propose a benchmark Himalayan glacial lake monitoring network “HiGLMN” that will characterize glacial lakes by combining geomorphological signatures of GLOFs, monitoring triggers and mechanisms of dam failure, and downstream impacts using in situ observations, remote sensing, and hydrodynamic modeling, and feed into early warning for disaster mitigation. We also provide existing practices to support the effectiveness and necessity and propose strategies for future data management. The monitoring network will contribute to robust GLOF risk management, early warning, and mitigation.
Author(s): Zhang G, Yao T, Huss M, Carrivick JL, Bolch T, Li X, Zheng G, Peng M, Wang X, Steiner J, Rashid I, Rinzin S, Wangchuk S, Sattar A, Tiwari RK, Quincey D, Ali F
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Year: 2025
Volume: 106
Issue: 12
Pages: E2579-E2597
Print publication date: 01/12/2025
Online publication date: 19/12/2025
Acceptance date: 11/09/2025
ISSN (print): 0003-0007
ISSN (electronic): 1520-0477
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
URL: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0290.1
DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0290.1
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