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A novel clay–metal–polymer nanocomposite for efficient phenol removal via electrochemical degradation

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Jie ZhangORCiD

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Abstract

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026.Phenolic compounds are persistent pollutants in industrial wastewater, requiring efficient and sustainable removal technologies. In this work, we report the synthesis of a novel PbO2–montmorillonite/polyaniline (PbO2–MMt–PANI) nanocomposite electrode for the electrochemical degradation of phenol. Structural analyses confirmed the successful dispersion of nanosized PbO2 within the clay framework, stabilized and interconnected by the conductive PANI matrix. Electrochemical tests demonstrated remarkable redox stability and resistance to passivation, in contrast to conventional PbO2. Under constant current electrolysis, the composite achieved 93.8% phenol degradation within 180 min, compared to 72.5% with pure PbO2. This synergy between PbO2, montmorillonite, and PANI provides enhanced efficiency, stability, and durability, highlighting the potential of the composite as a promising electrode material for advanced wastewater treatment.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Bousnoubra I, Aroui L, Toubal B, Tahraoui H, Kebir M, Zhang J, Amrane A, Assadi AA, Fadhillah F, Ali FAA

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

Year: 2026

Volume: 28

Issue: 3

Online publication date: 02/02/2026

Acceptance date: 13/10/2025

ISSN (print): 1618-954X

ISSN (electronic): 1618-9558

Publisher: Springer

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-025-03382-8

DOI: 10.1007/s10098-025-03382-8

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