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Geomorphology of the Jebel Akhdar Dome (Northern Sultanate of Oman): tectonics, surface processes and landscape evolution

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Sam Turner

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Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive geomorphological map at the scale 1:130000 of the Jebel Akhdar dome in the northern Sultanate of Oman, a prominent carbonate dome formed during the Late Cretaceous obduction of the Semail Ophiolite. The integration of remote sensing observations and field surveys validations permits to recognise landforms at different scales, and thus complete the geomorphological mapping. The research identifies key landforms shaped by complex interactions between tectonics, surface processes, and climate. The region's landscape reflects a long evolutionary history beginning with Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic tectonic uplift and doming, followed by Miocene-Quaternary erosion, karstification, and fluvial and gravitational processes. Tectonic activity has driven the development of structural features such as folds, faults, and monoclinal flanks, while karst processes have created extensive underground networks and surface landforms. Fluvial and slope processes have further produced incised valleys, alluvial fans, and pediments, with ongoing tectonic activity influencing landscape dynamics. Human interventions, including agriculture, water management, and dam construction, have also affected topographic features. Overall, the geomorphology of Jebel Akhdar dome exemplifies the interplay of endogenous and exogenous forces over geological timescales, providing vital insights into landscape evolution in arid environments and complex geodynamic settings.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Pezzotta A, Marinoni A, Al Kindi M, Susini D, Turner S, Zucali M, Zerboni A

Publication type: Article

Publication status: In Press

Journal: Journal of Maps

Year: 2026

Acceptance date: 13/03/2026

Date deposited: 13/03/2026

ISSN (electronic): 1744-5647

Publisher: Taylor & Francis


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