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Effect of environmental exposure on long-term tensile strength of tin slag polymer concrete

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Kheng-Lim GohORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This investigation presents the influence of different environmental exposures on splitting tensile strength of long term cured Tin Slag Polymer Concrete (TSPC). Cylindrical TSPC specimens were moulded with tin slag and unsaturated polyester resin in the ratio 30:70 and exposed to indoor, outdoor and industrial environments. After 12 months of exposure, they were tested for its splitting tensile strength characteristics. The TSPC samples exposed to industrial (aggressive) environment reads an average value of 10.36 MPa. On the other hand, TSPC samples exposed to indoor (controlled) and outdoor (tropical climate) environments depict an average value of 7.92 MPa and 8.37 MPa respectively. Failure modes of TSPC for long term curing revealed splitting of sample along diametrical line with some parts peeling off from the middle section. Analysis of the stress-strain data revealed that all TSPC specimens exhibited linear behavior up to the peak load. Beyond this point, the specimens continued to fissure without additional strain. This behavior indicates a perfectly brittle failure mode which makes them suitable for structural applications. These findings support sustainable construction practices by promoting resource efficiency and delivering economic benefits to society.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Bin Manda MS, Rejab MRM, Hassan SA, Bin Wahit MU, Binoj JS, Bright BM, Amirnuddin SSB, Ali A, Goh KL

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Next Sustainability

Year: 2025

Volume: 5

Online publication date: 31/05/2025

Acceptance date: 27/05/2025

Date deposited: 28/04/2026

ISSN (electronic): 2949-8236

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100139

DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100139

Data Access Statement: Research data are not shared.

Notes: Corrigendum at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxsust.2026.100252 'Following discussions with the editorial committee, we have identified 21 more diverse, relevant and recent sources to replace Refs. [3,5,9,11,18,20,22,23,25–27,29,34,35,37–40,42,43,45]'


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
Polytechnic Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah
Universiti Malaysia Pahang (PGRS210339)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia under the collaborative research grant (CRG UTM - RDU192311)

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